SMEs have been recognized as important actors of commercial activity most specifically since the second half of the 20th century. Although understanding its customer potential has been named a top priority among many sectors, there is a limited body of knowledge regarding the buying behaviour of SME’s. Many studies and industry practices frame the context within corporate or individual buying behaviour, however few researchers mention SME’s. When mentioned they tend to tie with elitist attributes and consider them as small versions of big enterprises. Studies and industry practices are conformist and assume that SME’s buying behaviour consists of nothing but -ignoring impulsive tendencies- ‘normative’ or ‘conservative’ typologies. However, the lack of application makes this dichotomy untested, which is also what this book aims to scrutinize.

Ekonomik sistemin işleyişinde geleneksel finans sisteminin araçlarını ilk keşfeden ve kullanan ekonomiler, ülkelerine önemli katkılar sağlamışlardır. Finansal sistemden ilk yararlanabilen bu ekonomilerde oluşturulan kaydi para yaratma mekanizması veya yürütülen aşırı liberalizasyon uygulamalarıyla kullanılan genişletici para ve maliye politikaları, o ülkelerin kalkınmalarında ve büyümelerinde başarılı olmuştur. Bu başarının nedenlerini anlamak için öncelikle şu soruların cevaplarının verilmesi gerekir:

·         Bu ekonomilerin muvaffakiyetindeki asıl güç, reel sektör veya aracılık fonksiyonunu yerine getiren finansal sistem midir?

·         Bugünün finans merkezi durumundaki ülkelerin başarılarının temel kaynağı nedir?

·         Orada başarılı olan ekonomik faaliyetler mi yoksa finansal sektör müdür?

·         Finansal sektöre ne zaman ve niçin ihtiyaç duyulmuştur?

·         Bir ülkenin parasının değerini ne belirler?

The determinants of local government performance have long been of interest, and have been empirically investigated in a number of recent studies. A general question in this area is: why have some local governments across the countries achieved high rates of performance whilst the others remained at lower levels? Evidence from the relevant literature indicates that some local governments or municipalities, particularly in developed countries, achieve very good performance. Others, in particular those from underdeveloped or developing, have very little or almost no performance.

This research empirically investigates the budgeting conditions in North Cyprus and evaluate how budgeting conditions vary from one municipality to the other in the five major municipalities; Lefkosa, Magusa, Girne, Guzelyurt and Iskele over the period 2004Q1 to 2012Q4. Two types of methodologies are conducted. First; it empirically investigates the determinants of local government deficit by using cointegration techniques. The Johansen co-integration and The Vector Error Correction model (VECM) are applied to test the effect of each element such as own-source revenue, grants, expenditures and debt services on the budget deficit. Second, the study test the convergence hypothesis if similar regions within the country converge to the same long-run steady state by considering five major Cypriot municipalities in the North Cyprus economy.

The results from the empirical analysis on budget deficit findings show that there is evidence of a long-run relationship between general deficit and its determinants. The evidence of causality is found from expenditure and debt to general deficit for Lefkosa municipality. There is unidirectional causality from grant and revenue through deficit for Magusa municipality. Third empirical analysis on convergence introduced that the municipalities with the lowest number of people per staff, commonly diverge from the group mean.