Şehir monografilerinin önemi her geçen gün biraz daha artmaktadır. Çünkü şehir monografileriyle bir şehrin anatomisini öğrenme imkânına kavuşuruz. İnsanların veya insanlığın tarihi olduğu gibi şehirlerin de birer tarihi vardır. Başka bir ifade ile denilebilir ki insanlık tarihi, şehirlerin tarihidir. Bu yönüyle bir şehrin ne zaman ve kim tarafından kurulduğu, bu şehirlerde medeniyet kuran milletlerin kimler olduğu, bu medeniyetlerin insanlığa sundukları maddî ve manevî mirasın neler olduğu çok önemlidir. Bu yönüyle birçok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmış olan Urfa’nın arkeoloji, tarih, din, kültür, sanat ve edebiyat açışından önemli ve bereketli bir yer olduğu bilinmektedir.

Urfalı Dîvân Şâirleri isimli bu çalışma, biyografik eserlerin başında gelen tezkireler olmak üzere diğer biyografik/bibliyografik kaynaklarda ve başka çalışmalarda tespit edilen ve divân edebiyatının temsilcisi sayılan Urfalı şairleri içermektedir. Biyografik eserlere göre Urfalı en eski divân şairi Rüşdî (ö. 1677) mahlasını kullanan şairdir. Rüşdî ile muasır üç (3) divan şairi varken XVIII. yüzyılda bu sayı on beşe (15) yükselerek büyük bir artış göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada, XVII. yüzyıldan XX. yüzyılın sonlarına kadar yetişen Urfalı divan şairi sayısı yüz on yedi (117) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu sayı, Urfa edebiyatı için hiç de küçümsenmeyecek bir rakamdır. Bu şairlerin büyük çoğunluğu, eski edebiyatın yerini yeni edebiyata terk ettiği, dolayısıyla yeni türlerin rağbet edildiği XIX. ve XX. yüzyıllarda yetişmiştir. Bu da gösteriyor ki asırlardır devam eden divân şiir geleneği hemen kesintiye uğramamış, varlığını Urfa başta olmak üzere Anadolu’nun muhtelif şehirlerinde yetişen yüzlerce belki binlerce şair ile devam ettirmiştir.

In the legends and allegories and satires represented in these pages the reader will find strange and fervent faiths as well as homely pictures of the world as it is. A vigorous use of the concrete is everywhere evident; abstractions seem not to exist without some physical traits to make them real to the ordinary man. Intensely picturesque and objective are the descriptions of hell and of heaven, of the lands visited by Brandon, of Saint Paul’s otter, of the miracles of Saint Thomas, of the virtues of the coral, and of the traits of Rose and of Violet. To any readers there is unending charm in the natural, simple style of setting forth these details which force vivid conceptions upon the imagination.

From times immemorial, literature has accumulated a large and varied store of all kinds of general ideas and conceptions, material and metaphysical, to which the masters have recourse the moment the over-exacting and over-restless human voice begins to be heard. This is exactly the point. Tchekhov himself, a writer and an educated man, refused in advance every possible consolation, material or metaphysical. Not even in Tolstoi, who set no great store by philosophical systems, will you find such keenly expressed disgust for every kind of conceptions and ideas as in Tchekhov. He is well aware that conceptions ought to be esteemed and respected, and he reckons his inability to bend the knee before that which educated people consider holy as a defect against which he must struggle with all his strength. And he does struggle with all his strength against this defect. But not only is the struggle unavailing; the longer Tchekhov lives, the weaker grows the power of lofty words over him, in spite of his own reason and his conscious will. Finally, he frees himself entirely from ideas of every kind, and loses even the notion of connection between the happenings of life. Herein lies the most important and original characteristic of his creation. Anticipating a little, I would here point to his comedy, The Sea-Gull, where, in defiance of all literary principles, the basis of action appears to be not the logical development of passions, or the inevitable connection between cause and effect, but naked accident, ostentatiously nude. As one reads the play, it seems at times that one has before one a copy of a newspaper with an endless series of news paragraphs, heaped upon one another, without order and without previous plan. Sovereign accident reigns everywhere and in everything, this time boldly throwing the gauntlet to all conceptions. In this, I repeat, is Tchekhov’s greatest originality, and this, strangely enough, is the source of his most bitter experiences. He did not want to be original; he made super-human efforts to be like everybody else: but there is no escaping one’s destiny. How many men, above all among writers, wear their fingers to the bone in the effort to be unlike others, and yet they cannot shake themselves free of cliché—yet Tchekhov was original against his will! Evidently originality does not depend upon the readiness to proclaim revolutionary opinions at all costs. The newest and boldest idea may and often does appear tedious and vulgar. In order to become original, instead of inventing an idea, one must achieve a difficult and painful labour; and, since men avoid labour and suffering, the really new is for the most part born in man against his will.