Turkey and African countries decade’srelationships provides a concise and wide-ranging introduction to the subject, spanning from the earlier era of the Ottoman Empire, to the Turkish Republic and later, to the Justice and Development Party.

This is an introductory book which provides sources and materials on Turkey and African countries relations. Drawing on history from the Ottoman Empire, to Turkish Republic and the Justice and Development Party, this book provides firsthand information on their relations. Showing how Turkey and African countries that are located on different continents established relationship, it goes on to consider how they support each other at international stages. The book deals, in particular, with political, economic, social and cultural relations between Turkey and African countries; it explorers the challenges they face in military and security terms. This general introductory text benefits students, scholars and researchers eager to gain an insight into Turkey and African countries relations.

Kieran E. Uchehara was formerly a lecturer at Atılım University, Ankara, Turkey. Currently, he is an associate professor in the Department of Political Science and International Relations at Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey.

This study examines the effects of financial and moral incentives on employee performance within telecommunication organizations, focusing on Asiacell Company in Iraq.

The results indicate that a balanced incentive system integrating both financial and moral rewards generates higher levels of employee motivation, job satisfaction, and productivity compared to reliance on a single incentive type. Overall, the study concludes that while financial incentives are more effective in enhancing short-term performance, moral incentives—such as recognition, career development opportunities, and a supportive organizational culture—are essential for sustaining long-term employee engagement, loyalty, and innovation. Accordingly, the study recommends adopting a dual incentive strategy to strengthen sustainable performance and competitive advantage in the telecommunications sector.

Teknolojik alanda sürekli yeni gelişmelerin meydana geldiği günümüzde ve yoğun rekabet ortamında işletmelerin fiziksel varlıkları önemlerini yitirmektedir. Entelektüel sermaye ile inovasyon yetkinlik seviyesi gün geçtikçe işletmelerin en önemli güçlerinden biri haline gelmiştir. İnovasyonun en önemli kaynaklarından biri olan entelektüel sermaye faktörleri, işletmeler açısından belirleyici bir rol oynamakta ve çalışan performansı ile işletme performansını ciddi bir şekilde etkilemektedir.

Dr. Nil Konyalılar bu çalışmasında; havayolu işletmelerinde entelektüel sermaye ve inovasyonun çalışan performansına etkilerini ortaya koymayı, İşletme yöneticilerinin, çalışanlarının ve ilgili diğer paydaşların yararlanabilecekleri bir kaynak oluşturmayı amaçlamıştır.