The determinants of local government performance have long been of interest, and have been empirically investigated in a number of recent studies. A general question in this area is: why have some local governments across the countries achieved high rates of performance whilst the others remained at lower levels? Evidence from the relevant literature indicates that some local governments or municipalities, particularly in developed countries, achieve very good performance. Others, in particular those from underdeveloped or developing, have very little or almost no performance.

This research empirically investigates the budgeting conditions in North Cyprus and evaluate how budgeting conditions vary from one municipality to the other in the five major municipalities; Lefkosa, Magusa, Girne, Guzelyurt and Iskele over the period 2004Q1 to 2012Q4. Two types of methodologies are conducted. First; it empirically investigates the determinants of local government deficit by using cointegration techniques. The Johansen co-integration and The Vector Error Correction model (VECM) are applied to test the effect of each element such as own-source revenue, grants, expenditures and debt services on the budget deficit. Second, the study test the convergence hypothesis if similar regions within the country converge to the same long-run steady state by considering five major Cypriot municipalities in the North Cyprus economy.

The results from the empirical analysis on budget deficit findings show that there is evidence of a long-run relationship between general deficit and its determinants. The evidence of causality is found from expenditure and debt to general deficit for Lefkosa municipality. There is unidirectional causality from grant and revenue through deficit for Magusa municipality. Third empirical analysis on convergence introduced that the municipalities with the lowest number of people per staff, commonly diverge from the group mean.

Intense competition, fast changing technology, increased and diverse customer demand, and fast and reliable services and goods delivery expectations have reduced the profit margins for products. To be able to obtain a sustainable economic success, companies search for ways to offer the existing products via innovative ways. Revenue management is a tool that helps firms in this purpose. On the other hand, to match and even exceed customer anticipations, firms need to understand customer preferences and offer products accordingly. Customers can now reach wide range of competitor products due to online services. Hence it became much more important to apprehend and integrate customer choices into decision support tools. At this point, choice models are used to mathematically understand the customer choice preferences among a set of presented alternatives. This book combines revenue management and choice models to present a methodology to understand customer choices and integrate these to revenue management methods to be able to offer the best set of products to the customers. Also real life applications for hotels have been presented for different methods that are discussed and also proposed in this book with respective algorithms. When combined with decision support tools, concepts presented in this book offers a significant revenue increase for companies.