During the 19th century, British diplomacy towards the Ottoman Empire was based on rejuvenating and revitalising the administration system with a series of social and political reforms. Although British attitudes began to transform during the Near Eastern Crisis of 1876-8 and the Anglo-Ottoman alliance was interrupted, the policy changed dramatically on the eve of the First World War.Nonetheless, major events such as the Chanak Crisis in the British Cabinet, the occupation of Constantinople and Smyrna and finally the Turkish Nationalist Movementunder the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk effected the dynamics of Anglo-Ottoman relations. This book examines the ground of these policies and analyses how thisstorm was over in British foreign policies towards Turkey between 1918 and 1923.

Ekonomik sistemin işleyişinde geleneksel finans sisteminin araçlarını ilk keşfeden ve kullanan ekonomiler, ülkelerine önemli katkılar sağlamışlardır. Finansal sistemden ilk yararlanabilen bu ekonomilerde oluşturulan kaydi para yaratma mekanizması veya yürütülen aşırı liberalizasyon uygulamalarıyla kullanılan genişletici para ve maliye politikaları, o ülkelerin kalkınmalarında ve büyümelerinde başarılı olmuştur. Bu başarının nedenlerini anlamak için öncelikle şu soruların cevaplarının verilmesi gerekir:

·         Bu ekonomilerin muvaffakiyetindeki asıl güç, reel sektör veya aracılık fonksiyonunu yerine getiren finansal sistem midir?

·         Bugünün finans merkezi durumundaki ülkelerin başarılarının temel kaynağı nedir?

·         Orada başarılı olan ekonomik faaliyetler mi yoksa finansal sektör müdür?

·         Finansal sektöre ne zaman ve niçin ihtiyaç duyulmuştur?

·         Bir ülkenin parasının değerini ne belirler?

SMEs have been recognized as important actors of commercial activity most specifically since the second half of the 20th century. Although understanding its customer potential has been named a top priority among many sectors, there is a limited body of knowledge regarding the buying behaviour of SME’s. Many studies and industry practices frame the context within corporate or individual buying behaviour, however few researchers mention SME’s. When mentioned they tend to tie with elitist attributes and consider them as small versions of big enterprises. Studies and industry practices are conformist and assume that SME’s buying behaviour consists of nothing but -ignoring impulsive tendencies- ‘normative’ or ‘conservative’ typologies. However, the lack of application makes this dichotomy untested, which is also what this book aims to scrutinize.