Globalization and related technological developments have increased competition and put organizations in a struggle to survive in an extremely difficult market condition. Organizations adopt their technologies and infrastructures to today’s conditions to gain a sustainable competitive advantage and maintain their existence. However, all these efforts of organizations are easily imitated by rival companies and may cause the loss of competitive advantage.

The resource-based view provides additional information that strategic human resource is the scarce, valuable, inimitable and non-substitutable resources of organizations, thus enabling them to gain a competitive advantage. According to this view, the competitive advantage of the organization is achieved by combining valuable internal resources. Nowadays, sustainable competitive advantage is provided not by environmental factors or physical capital but by human capital (employees) efficiency. In this context, the attitudes and behaviors of employees who make up human resources are important for their organizational success. Many studies emphasize that positive attitudes and behaviors (e.g. innovative work behavior, work engagement, job satisfaction) in employees have important contributions to the success of the organization, while similarly negative attitudes and behaviors (e.g. organizational silence, turnover intention) are one of the main reasons for the failure of the organization.

In our book, literature has been created on the definition, antecedents, and organizational results of new and current concepts that are newly conceptualized in the literature and are still in their infancy. It is considered that this cumulative literature within the book will be a source for future studies on these subjects and will provide important insights for practitioners.

In this book, we attempt to make a comparative evaluation of modern macroeconomic schools: Monetarism and New Classical School based on the Classical System that envisage automatic full employment or natural rate of unemployment (NRU) equilibrium (AFNE or ANRUE) vs. New Keynesian and Post-Keynesian Economics based on the Keynesian System which gives unemployment equilibrium (UNE) or non-automatic NRU equilibrium (NANRUE) due to insufficiency of aggregate demand.

In order to determine which school is relevant, first the basic assumptions of these systems are compared: i) rational vs. adjusted vs. heterogeneous expectations, ii) existence of perfect competition in all markets leading to flexibility of prices and wages vs. imperfect competition giving rise to rigidities, and iii) presence or lack of coordination between markets.

In the final phase of our evaluations the performance of the developed economies are surveyed to establish whether we meet with AFNE or ANRUE or else UNE or NANRUE; and whether policy prescriptions devised by respective schools solve or alleviate the problem at hand when implemented.

Our investigations point out that New Keynesian and Post-Keynesian schools are more relevant compared to Monetarism and New Classical School. The choice between New Keynesian and Post-Keynesian Economics, however, is more difficult to make although New Keynesian Economics seems more widespread than Post-Keynesian Economics. Objectively, Post-Keynesian assumptions seem more realistic; normatively, however, New Keynesian stands seems more fit to the present day move towards globalization.

Bu kitap Türkiye sağlık sisteminin yeni modelini detaylı olarak incelerken hayata geçirilen politika transferinin nedenlerini araştırmaktadır. Politika transferi literatüründeki farklı modelleri inceleyen ve Türkiye’nin sağlık politikasının transferinin hibrit ve gönüllü bir transfer olduğunu ortaya koyan çalışma, ders çıkarma modeli ile köklü reformların sebebini açıklamaktadır. Çalışma teorik olarak bir gönüllü transfer mekanizması olan ders çıkarma modelinin öngörmediği iki etkenin – siyasi mutabakat ve kararlılık – transferdeki önemli rolünü ve ampirik olarak Türkiye sağlık reformlarının bir politika transferi olduğunu detaylı bir analizle ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilen reformları incelerken literatüre hakim olan  Avrupalılaşma çalışmalarına eleştirel bir bakışla yaklaşan proje AB’nin dönüştürücü etkisine tabii olan aday ülkelerde Avrupalılaşmanın dışında farklı süreçlerin paralel olarak yürüyebileceğine örnek bir çalışma ortaya koyan proje bu kadar kapsamlı ve köklü reformların gönüllü olarak yapılabileceğine de bir örnek olmuştur.