Dans ce livre, on a examiné le roman turc qui s’est développé sous l’influence du roman français apparu dans la littérature du Tanzimat. Sur le plan des relations politiques, économiques et culturelles parmi les pays occidentaux, l’Empire ottoman a attaché beaucoup d’importance à la France. Pourtant, les intellectuels et littérateurs envoyés en France ont été influencés par la littérature française et ont apporté des innovations à la littérature turque. Le passage du conte au roman a eu lieu à la fin de longues relations historiques, politiques et culturelles avec l’Occident. Les écrivains de cette période ont soutenu dans leurs œuvres les idées et les conceptions occidentales. On peut dire que dans la littérature turque, l’occidentalisation, commencée dès 1860, est devenue totale, du point de vue de la conception, de la technique et des thèmes durant la période du Servet-i Fünûn.

Drawing on recent posthumanist theories that promote a non-anthropocentric perspective, this study examines the works of contemporary British poets Mario Petrucci and Alice Oswald. It is argued that their poetry can be described as posthuman poetry, which envisions posthuman spaces of becoming where human and nonhuman worlds coexist on a non-hierarchical basis. Petrucci’s engagement with ecocritical crises in the Anthropocene underscores the limits of human agency, and it foregrounds destructive impact of human actions on the ecosystem. In a posthuman context, therefore, Petrucci problematises the human/nonhuman binary by representing the erosion of the anthropocentric worldview in the face of environmental crises such as deforestation, global warming, and the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in Bosco (1999), Heavy Water: A Poem for Chernobyl (2004) and Half Life: Poems for Chernobyl (2004). In these collections, challenging the perception of nonhuman matter as passive, Petrucci emphasises the agency of trees and radioactive particles. Similarly, Alice Oswald moves the reader beyond the human-centred treatment of the natural world. Rejecting human exceptionalism, Oswald’s Dart (2002) presents a polyphonic meshwork where the voices of alternating human speakers and the River Dart interweave within a posthuman space. Representing the intersubjective and dialogic exchanges between the human and nonhuman inhabitants of the Severn Estuary and the lunar cycle, Oswald’s A Sleepwalk on the Severn (2009) further problematises the subject/object binary by creating a posthuman space of becoming grounded in a communicative framework. Hence, bringing Petrucci and Oswald together, this study draws attention to trans-corporeal and polyphonic entanglements of human-nonhuman, subject-object and self-other non-binaries, and it aims to show how poetry, as a literary medium, can contribute to questioning and transforming the anthropocentric vision of humankind in the contemporary world.