II. Meşrutiyet (1908-1918) ve dönemin temel aktörü Osmanlı İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti Cumhuriyet’e geçişte pek çok siyasi kurum, örgüt ve deneyim için bir laboratuar sağlamıştı. Modern siyasi kurumlar, çok partili hayat ve hatta etnik unsurlar arası birliği sürdürme denemeleri bu dönemde uygulamaya kondu. Siyasi kurum ve kadrolar, sağ-sol yönelimlerin sınırları, milliyetçilikteki dışlayıcı çizgilerin temel doğrultusu o dönemde belirginleşti. Bu deneyim olumlu ve olumsuz sonuçları ile Cumhuriyet’e aktarıldı.

Erken Cumhuriyet ile kastedilen 1923-50 arası yıllar, Cumhuriyet’in kurucusu Atatürk ile sonrası Milli Şef dönemlerine ayrılabilir. Aynı dönemi ülke içi siyaset ve dünya ile ilişkileri çok etkilediği için, 1929 krizi ile de ayırmak ve II. Dünya Savaşı sonuna kadar uzatmak mümkün görünüyor.

Mete Çetik’in çeşitli özgün yazı ve kitap eleştirilerinin derlendiği bu kitapta, II. Meşrutiyet döneminin genel siyasi ortamı, Makedon hareketi liderleri, İttihatçıların siyasi tiyatro etkinlikleri gibi başlıklar konu edilerek, farklı açılardan ele alınmaya çalışılıyor.

Erken Cumhuriyet dönemi üzerine ise, genel siyasi ortam, milliyetçilik, ırkçılık, Soğuk Savaş, üniversite tasfiyeleri ve Atatürk’ü konu eden özgün yazı ve kitap eleştirileri yer alıyor.

The book “Digital Transformation in Banking Industry – Financial Security, Audit and Business Perspective” explores the effect of digital transformation on Anti-Money Laundering (AML) regime by focusing on digital Know Your Client (eKYC), artificial intelligence in AML, crypto currency, and virtual assets by drawing attention on ongoing compliance challenges in “virtual assets era”. Furthermore, it explores Fintechs and future of conventional banking as well as remote auditing in banking industry.

This edition explores Fintechs and the future of conventional banking. This is to examine the Fintech structures that have recently gained great importance in the world and to evaluate the possible effects of the developments on traditional banking in the future. Considering the innovations that Fintech structures bring to payment systems, their impact on credit markets and the structure of blockchain-linked contracts, it is expected that they will have greater effects on the financial system in the future. In this context, the book analysis the effects of these structures on traditional banking by including the recent literature on the subject.

Remote auditing is one of the common methods that is suitable for today’s world with its flexible and technology-based structure. In our book we have dedicated a chapter which explores remote auditing (also known as virtual audit) and challenges as well as advantages of applying it.

A chapter is dedicated to AML Programs in Banking Industry in Covid-19 Era, which identifies challenges, good practices, and policy reactions to new ML/TF risks which can be also defined as financial security risks arising during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis and due to impact of digital transformation in banking industry.

A special attention is dedicated to the artificial intelligence in AML structures in banking and the role of artificial intelligence for detecting money laundering cases by decreasing the number of “false alerts” and increasing the quality of “real matches”. The book explores the role of artificial intelligence on increasing the efficiency and decreasing the manual work on daily basis for AML Compliance Officers.

The book explores virtual currency and blockchain by identifying ongoing compliance challenges from decentralized platforms, peer-to-peer cryptocurrency exchangers, anonymity-enhanced cryptocurrencies, and “jurisdictional arbitrage” (the ability of criminal actors to route their activity through countries with weak AML/CFT regimes). Blockchain/ Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) applications aside, certain properties of Virtual Currencies (including VCs associated with Initial Coin Offering – ICOs) entail special Financial Crimes Compliance (FCC) risks, some of which are detailed in our book.

Nowadays the Digital Identity (DI) services help financial institutions, especially banking industry, to offer several services efficiently and properly to their clients. By keeping this in mind, the measures for Covid-19, offering services in distance remains the best solution in the market. The DI provides provable and sharable identity, which is particularly important when on-boarding clients but also has a key protection role to play when users are transacting. In our book we have dedicated a chapter related to digital ID system and eKYC.

We believe this edition contributes to current literature for the effect of digital transformation in banking industry from the financial security, audit and business perspective and it is important for compliance officers and bankers, policy makers, strategists, academics, students, and professionals in the field of compliance.

Globalization and related technological developments have increased competition and put organizations in a struggle to survive in an extremely difficult market condition. Organizations adopt their technologies and infrastructures to today’s conditions to gain a sustainable competitive advantage and maintain their existence. However, all these efforts of organizations are easily imitated by rival companies and may cause the loss of competitive advantage.

The resource-based view provides additional information that strategic human resource is the scarce, valuable, inimitable and non-substitutable resources of organizations, thus enabling them to gain a competitive advantage. According to this view, the competitive advantage of the organization is achieved by combining valuable internal resources. Nowadays, sustainable competitive advantage is provided not by environmental factors or physical capital but by human capital (employees) efficiency. In this context, the attitudes and behaviors of employees who make up human resources are important for their organizational success. Many studies emphasize that positive attitudes and behaviors (e.g. innovative work behavior, work engagement, job satisfaction) in employees have important contributions to the success of the organization, while similarly negative attitudes and behaviors (e.g. organizational silence, turnover intention) are one of the main reasons for the failure of the organization.

In our book, literature has been created on the definition, antecedents, and organizational results of new and current concepts that are newly conceptualized in the literature and are still in their infancy. It is considered that this cumulative literature within the book will be a source for future studies on these subjects and will provide important insights for practitioners.